常见题型：翻译题、选择题、语法填空
强调句(cleft sentence)是通过固定结构It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 剩余部分来突出句中某个成分的句型。可强调主语、宾语和状语(时间/地点/原因/方式)，不可强调谓语动词和定语。被强调部分如为人，可用who代替that。
一、基本强调句结构：
原句: I met my old friend in the library yesterday. 我昨天在图书馆遇见了老朋友。
① 强调主语: It was I that/who met my old friend in the library yesterday. 是我昨天在图书馆遇见了老朋友。
② 强调宾语: It was my old friend that I met in the library yesterday. 我昨天在图书馆遇见的是我的老朋友。
③ 强调地点状语: It was in the library that I met my old friend yesterday. 我昨天是在图书馆遇见的老朋友。(⚠️ 用that不用where！)
④ 强调时间状语: It was yesterday that I met my old friend in the library. 我是在昨天在图书馆遇见老朋友的。(⚠️ 用that不用when！)
二、Not until强调句(高频考点！):
原句: He didn't realize his mistake until he failed the exam. 直到考试失败他才意识到错误。
→ 强调not until: It was not until he failed the exam that he realized his mistake. 直到考试失败，他才意识到自己的错误。
⚠️ 此结构中that从句用肯定语序(realized不用didn't realize)！
三、强调句的判别(删除检验法):
去掉It is/was和that后，如果剩余部分能构成完整句子，就是强调句。
It was in the park that we met. → We met in the park.(完整)✅ 强调句
It was the park where we met. → The park we met.(不完整)❌ 定语从句
四、⚠️ 强调句 vs 定语从句 vs 主语从句的区分：
① It was the house that he bought last year. 那是他去年买的房子。(→去除后He bought the house last year.完整 → 强调句)
② The house that he bought last year is very expensive. 他去年买的那套房子很贵。(→定语从句，修饰the house)
③ It is a fact that smoking is harmful. 吸烟有害是个事实。(→主语从句，it是形式主语)
五、谓语动词强调(用do/does/did):
Do come to my party! 一定要来我的聚会！
He did pass the exam after all. 他终究是通过了考试。
翻译题1题 + 选择题0-1题, 约占语法总分8%